Seven Domains of a Typical IT Infrastructure

 



User Domain

  1. Represents end-users accessing the IT infrastructure.
  2. Users are often the weakest link in security.
  3. Mitigation strategies: robust password policies, two-factor authentication (2FA), acceptable use policies, access privilege management, and cybersecurity training.

Workstation Domain

  1. Includes devices used by users (PCs, laptops, smartphones).
  2. Vulnerable to viruses, malware, and unauthorized access.
  3. Mitigation strategies: hardening workstations, applying security patches, configuring systems, using anti-virus and anti-malware software, and enforcing strong login credentials.

LAN Domain

  1. Covers technologies establishing the local area network.
  2. Needs strong controls to prevent cyberattacks.
  3. Mitigation strategies: network segmentation, egress filtering, restricting internet access to essential ports, and applying network security protocols.

LAN-to-WAN Domain

  1. Where the IT infrastructure connects to the internet.
  2. Requires robust security controls.
  3. Mitigation strategies: configuring IP routers and firewalls, establishing access control lists, using a demilitarized zone (DMZ), deploying intrusion detection systems (IDS), proxy servers, and content filters.

WAN Domain

  1. Represents the wide area network, including external entities.
  2. Ensures secure communication through VPN, FTP, or SSH.
  3. Mitigation strategies: securing LAN-to-WAN connections, using firewalls, and conducting penetration tests.

Remote Access Domain

  1. For employees accessing the IT infrastructure remotely.
  2. Introduces risks from unsecured remote connections.
  3. Mitigation strategies: using VPNs for secure connections, implementing 2FA, regular audits, monitoring login attempts, and enforcing strict firewall access control lists (ACLs).

System/Application Domain

  1. Encompasses system and application software.
  2. Critical for maintaining system security and functionality.
  3. Mitigation strategies: regular patching, using antimalware/antivirus software, user training, and awareness programs to prevent phishing and social engineering attacks.
  4. Key Points
  5. Each domain represents a potential entry point for attackers and needs specific security measures.
  6. Regular risk assessments and implementing effective security controls are essential.
  7. A comprehensive IT security program should include administrative, physical, and technical measures.
  8. Continuous employee training and awareness are crucial for maintaining security.
  9. Regular auditing and penetration testing help identify and address vulnerabilities proactively.

References

Fundamentals of Information Systems Security - David Kim, Michael G. Solomon
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-seven-domains-typical-infrastructure-alshehri-cpp-pci-psp-/
https://cyberfore.medium.com/securing-the-seven-domains-of-it-infrastructure-257e380b6749

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